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  "body": "\n## Summary\n\nThe variogram of a spatial random field measures how different the values at two locations are expected to be.\nIt is a function of the displacement between the two locations.\nIt is defined as the variance of the increment $Z(s + h) - Z(s)$, and half of it is called the semivariogram.\nIt exists under weaker assumptions than a covariance function, so it also describes fields without a constant variance, such as the [[Wiener process|22735FGJV6]].\nThe variogram is the basic input of [[kriging|VP9S3PNJQ0]] and of most of geostatistics.\n\n## Explanations\n\n### L1 human\n\nMeasure soil moisture at many points of a field.\nTwo points a metre apart usually have similar values, while two points a kilometre apart may be very different.\nThe variogram records, for each distance, the typical squared difference between the values.\nIt is small near distance zero and grows with the distance, often levelling off at some range beyond which points are unrelated.\n",
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