Efficient Implementation of the Smalltalk-80 System

L. Peter Deutsch, Allan M. Schiffman, 1984, POPL

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日本語
English

Smalltalk-80システムの効率的な実装

L. Peter Deutsch Xerox PARC, Software Concepts Group

Allan M. Schiffman Fairchild Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence Research

概要

Smalltalk-80*プログラミング言語は動的記憶域割り当て、完全な上向き funarg、および普遍的多相性を持つ手続きを含む。Smalltalk-80プログラミングシステムは、対話的実行、増分コンパイル、および実装の移植性を特徴とする。現代のプログラミングシステムにおけるこれらの機能は、それぞれ単独であっても効率的に実装することが最も困難なものの一つである。小規模なマイクロプロセッサベースのコンピューター上でホストされるSmalltalk-80システムの新しい実装は、既存の実装との完全な（オブジェクトコード）互換性を維持しながら、高い性能を達成している。本論文では、プロジェクトの過程で開発された最も重要な最適化技術について論じる。その多くは他の言語にも適用可能である。中心となる考え方は、特定のランタイム状態（コードとデータの両方）を複数の形式で表現し、必要に応じて形式間で変換することである。

*Smalltalk-80はXerox Corporationの商標である。

Allan M. Schiffman Fairchild Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence Research

ABSTRACT

The Smalltalk-80* programming language includes dynamic storage allocation, full upward funargs, and universally polymorphic procedures; the Smalltalk-80 programming system features interactive execution with incremental compilation, and implementation portability. These features of modern programming systems are among the most difficult to implement efficiently, even individually. A new implementation of the Smalltalk-80 system, hosted on a small microprocessor-based computer, achieves high performance while retaining complete (object code) compatibility with existing implementations. This paper discusses the most significant optimization techniques developed over the course of the project, many of which are applicable to other languages. The key idea is to represent certain runtime state (both code and data) in more than one form, and to convert between forms when needed.

*Smalltalk-80 is a trademark of the Xerox Corporation.

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Background

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Special Difficulties

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Implementation Outline

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Code Translation

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Performance Issues

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Dynamic Translation

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Mapping State at Runtime

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Multiple Representations of Contexts

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In-line Caching of Method Addresses

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Experiments

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Context Representations

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In-line Cache and Linked Sends

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Dynamic Code Translation

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Conclusions and Related Work

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Acknowledgments

References

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Read off the page by a vision model reading the page images using olmOCR-2-7B-1025-FP8. Translated into 日本語 by gpt-5, against glossary version 6. Translated from the English.

Read off the page by a vision model reading the page images using olmOCR-2-7B-1025-FP8.