#papers

The Compile-Time vs Runtime Trade-Off

§1 Provenance The trade-off is folklore across the JIT community; quantified in many published papers and blog posts. Key data points: Sparkplug: ~10x faster compile than TurboFan, code ~5-10x slower at runtime. V8 blog https://v8.dev/blog/sparkplug . Liftoff: ~15-20x faster compile than TurboFan, code ~1.1-1.5x slower (Sightglass benchmarks). https://v8.dev/blog/liftoff . Copy-and-Patch: ~100x faster compile than LLVM, code ~2x slower at runtime. Xu/Kjolstad PLDI 2021, https://fredrikbk.com/publications/copy-and-patch.pdf . JSC tier ratios: DFG ~4x...

Compiler Textbooks Relevant to a Naive Mochi Backend (2022-2026)

§1 Provenance Cooper, Torczon, Engineering a Compiler , 3rd ed, Morgan Kaufmann, Nov 21 2022. ISBN 978-0-12-815412-0. Won the TAA Textbook Excellence Award 2024. Publisher page: https://shop.elsevier.com/books/engineering-a-compiler/cooper/978-0-12-815412-0 . ScienceDirect: https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780128154120/engineering-a-compiler . Nystrom, Robert, Crafting Interpreters , Genever Benning, 2021. Free online: https://craftinginterpreters.com/ . Appel, Andrew W., Modern Compiler Implementation in ML (1998) / Java (2002) / C (1998). Cambridge UP. Long-running canonical textbook. https://www.cs.princeton.edu/~appel/modern/ . Aho, Lam, Sethi, Ullman, Compilers:...

Cranelift Internals: ISLE, Proof-Carrying Code, and the Portable Backend Story

§1 Provenance Cranelift project (Bytecode Alliance, lead Chris Fallin): https://cranelift.dev/ . Source: https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/tree/main/cranelift . ISLE blog post (Chris Fallin, Jan 20 2023): "Cranelift's Instruction Selector DSL, ISLE: Term-Rewriting Made Practical", https://cfallin.org/blog/2023/01-20/cranelift-isle/ . "A New Backend for Cranelift, Part 1: Instruction Selection" (Chris Fallin, Sept 18 2020): https://cfallin.org/blog/2020/09/18/cranelift-isel-1/ . ISLE language reference: https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/blob/main/cranelift/isle/docs/language-reference.md . Bytecode Alliance 2023 retrospective: https://bytecodealliance.org/articles/wasmtime-and-cranelift-in-2023 . VeriISLE (Monica Pardeshi, CMU thesis 2023): http://reports-archive.adm.cs.cmu.edu/anon/2023/CMU-CS-23-126.pdf . VeriWasm (prior work...

MLIR Dialect Literature 2023-2026

§1 Provenance MLIR project: https://mlir.llvm.org/ . Originally Chris Lattner at Google (2018), released as part of LLVM in 2019. Wikipedia MLIR page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MLIR_(software) . Triton (OpenAI): https://github.com/openai/triton . Recent paper "ML-Triton: A Multi-Level Compilation and Language Extension to GPU Programming" (2025), arXiv: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2503.14985 . IREE (Google): https://iree.dev/ , https://github.com/iree-org/iree . Mojo (Modular): https://docs.modular.com/mojo/ . Vision page: https://docs.modular.com/mojo/vision/ . KGEN compiler discussed at https://forum.modular.com/t/mlir-dialect-import-for-mojo/774 . Awesome list: https://github.com/coderonion/awesome-mojo-max-mlir . Ramalho et...

POPL 2024 and 2025: Compiler-Construction Papers

§1 Provenance POPL 2024: 51st ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, London, UK, Jan 17-19 2024. Proceedings in PACMPL vol 8, no POPL: https://dl.acm.org/toc/pacmpl/2024/8/POPL . POPL 2025: 52nd edition, Denver, CO, USA, Jan 19-25 2025. Proceedings in PACMPL vol 9, no POPL: https://dl.acm.org/toc/pacmpl/2025/9/POPL . Co-located: CPP 2024, CPP 2025 (Certified Programs and Proofs); PriSC 2024 (Principles of Secure Compilation). §2 Technique / contribution 1. PfComp: A Verified Compiler...

PLDI 2024 and 2025: Relevant Code-Generation Papers

§1 Provenance PLDI 2024: 45th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, Copenhagen, Denmark, June 24-28 2024. Proceedings in PACMPL vol 8, no PLDI: https://dl.acm.org/toc/pacmpl/2024/8/PLDI . PLDI 2025: 46th edition, Seoul, South Korea, June 16-20 2025. Proceedings in PACMPL vol 9, no PLDI: https://dl.acm.org/toc/pacmpl/2025/9/PLDI . Conference pages: https://pldi24.sigplan.org/ and https://pldi25.sigplan.org/ . §2 Technique / contribution Summarized below are six papers from PLDI 2024-2025 most relevant to MEP-42's "naive...

Recent Papers and Surveys

10.1 Structure of a Paper

10.1 Structure of a Paper A mathematical paper is a written path through an idea. It does not only list results. It explains what problem is being studied, why the problem matters, what tools are used, and what has been proved. For a beginner, it is useful to think of a paper as a carefully organized explanation. Each part has a job. The title tells the reader what the paper...