Math 2.0

Several complex variables and analytic spaces Definition

Meromorphic function of several variables

Builds on Holomorphic function of several variablesOpen set

Definition

Let D⊆ℂnD \subseteq \C^n be an open set. A meromorphic function on DD is given by an open cover (Ui)i∈I(U_i)_{i \in I} of DD by connected open sets. For each ii it gives two holomorphic functions gi,hig_i, h_i on UiU_i such that:

  1. hih_i is not identically zero on UiU_i;
  2. gihj=gjhig_i h_j = g_j h_i on Ui∩UjU_i \cap U_j for all i,j∈Ii, j \in I.

Two such data (Ui,gi,hi)i∈I(U_i, g_i, h_i)_{i \in I} and (Vk,pk,qk)k∈K(V_k, p_k, q_k)_{k \in K} define the same meromorphic function when giqk=pkhig_i q_k = p_k h_i on Ui∩VkU_i \cap V_k for all ii and kk.

Remarks

On the dense open set where some hih_i is nonzero, a meromorphic function ff is the holomorphic function gi/hig_i / h_i. Its polar set and its set of indeterminacy points are analytic subsets; for n≥2n \ge 2 the indeterminacy set has codimension at least 22.

Example: on D=ℂ2D = \C^2 take the single set U1=ℂ2U_1 = \C^2 with g1(z)=z1g_1(z) = z_1 and h1(z)=z2h_1(z) = z_2. Clause 1 holds since z2z_2 is not the zero function, and clause 2 is empty, so z1/z2z_1 / z_2 is meromorphic on ℂ2\C^2.

Non-example: e1/z1e^{1/z_1}, defined where z1≠0z_1 \ne 0, is not the restriction of a meromorphic function on ℂ2\C^2. Suppose it were g/hg/h near a point (0,c)(0, c). Then, for a suitable fixed z2z_2 close to cc, the one-variable function z1↦e1/z1z_1 \mapsto e^{1/z_1} would be meromorphic at 00. But it has an essential singularity there.

For n=1n = 1 this definition gives the usual meromorphic functions on an open set of ℂ\C. In the language of sheaves, a meromorphic function is a global section of the sheaf of quotient fields of the sheaf of holomorphic functions.

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Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meromorphic_function
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DefinesMeromorphic function of several variables
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