Riemann P-symbol

Summary

The Riemann P-symbol is a notation for the solutions of Riemann's differential equation. It is a table listing the three singular points, the two exponents at each, and the variable. Since the equation is determined by these data, the symbol names its whole two-dimensional space of solutions. Simple rules tell how the symbol changes under a Möbius transformation of the variable and under multiplication by powers. These rules turn many transformation formulas of the hypergeometric function into bookkeeping.