Math 2.0

Harmonic analysis on Euclidean spaces Definition

Wiener amalgam space

Builds on Lp space

Definition

Let d≥1d \ge 1, let 1≤p,q≤∞1 \le p, q \le \infty and let Q=[0,1)dQ = [0, 1)^d. For a measurable function f ⁣:ℝd→ℂf \colon \R^d \to \C and k∈ℤdk \in \Z^d, let ak(f)=∥f⋅1k+Q∥Lp(ℝd)a_k(f) = \norm{f \cdot 1_{k + Q}}_{L^p(\R^d)}, the norm in the Lebesgue space LpL^p of the restriction of ff to the cube k+Qk + Q. The Wiener amalgam space W(Lp,ℓq)(ℝd)W(L^p, \ell^q)(\R^d) is the set of measurable ff with ∥f∥W(Lp,ℓq)=(∑k∈ℤdak(f)q)1/q<∞,\norm{f}_{W(L^p, \ell^q)} = \Big( \sum_{k \in \Z^d} a_k(f)^q \Big)^{1/q} < \infty, with the supremum over kk in place of the sum when q=∞q = \infty. Functions that agree almost everywhere are identified.

Remarks

LpL^p is the local component and ℓq\ell^q the global component. In the general theory of Feichtinger, LpL^p is replaced by a Banach space BB of local behaviour. The space ℓq\ell^q is replaced by a solid sequence or function space CC of global behaviour, and the sharp cut-off 1k+Q1_{k + Q} by a smooth partition of unity. Two facts follow from the definition:

  1. W(Lp,ℓp)=Lp(ℝd)W(L^p, \ell^p) = L^p(\R^d) with equal norms.
  2. If p1≥p2p_1 \ge p_2 and q1≤q2q_1 \le q_2, then W(Lp1,ℓq1)⊆W(Lp2,ℓq2)W(L^{p_1}, \ell^{q_1}) \subseteq W(L^{p_2}, \ell^{q_2}), since the cube QQ has measure 11.

Example: let d=1d = 1 and f(x)=1/(1+∣x∣)f(x) = 1/(1 + \abs{x}), with p=∞p = \infty. On [k,k+1)[k, k+1) the supremum of ff is 1/(1+min⁡(∣k∣,∣k+1∣))1/(1 + \min(\abs{k}, \abs{k + 1})). These numbers behave like 1/∣k∣1/\abs{k}, so their qq-th powers have a finite sum for every q>1q > 1. Hence f∈W(L∞,ℓq)(ℝ)f \in W(L^\infty, \ell^q)(\R) for q>1q > 1.

Non-example: the same ff is not in W(L∞,ℓ1)(ℝ)W(L^\infty, \ell^1)(\R), because the sum of these numbers is a harmonic series and diverges.

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Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiener_amalgam_space
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