Math 2.0

Category theory; homological algebra Definition

Zero morphism

Builds on CategoryMorphismZero objectGroup homomorphism

Definition

Let ๐’ž\mathcal{C} be a category. A system of zero morphisms on ๐’ž\mathcal{C} is a choice of a morphism 0XYโ€‰โฃ:Xโ†’Y0_{XY} \colon X \to Y for all objects XX and YY, with the following property. For all objects W,ZW, Z and all morphisms gโ€‰โฃ:Wโ†’Xg \colon W \to X and fโ€‰โฃ:Yโ†’Zf \colon Y \to Z: fโˆ˜0XY=0XZand0XYโˆ˜g=0WY.f \circ 0_{XY} = 0_{XZ} \quad \text{and} \quad 0_{XY} \circ g = 0_{WY}. A category with such a choice is a category with zero morphisms, and the morphisms 0XY0_{XY} are its zero morphisms.

Remarks

A category has at most one system of zero morphisms: if 00 and 0โ€ฒ0' are two, then 0XY=0YYโ€ฒโˆ˜0XY=0XYโ€ฒ0_{XY} = 0'_{YY} \circ 0_{XY} = 0'_{XY}. If ๐’ž\mathcal{C} has a zero object 00, setting 0XY0_{XY} equal to the composite of the unique morphisms Xโ†’0X \to 0 and 0โ†’Y0 \to Y gives a system of zero morphisms.

Example: in the category of groups, let 0GH0_{GH} send every element of GG to the identity eHe_H of HH. For a group homomorphism fโ€‰โฃ:Hโ†’Kf \colon H \to K, f(eH)=eKf(e_H) = e_K, so fโˆ˜0GH=0GKf \circ 0_{GH} = 0_{GK}; and 0GHโˆ˜g0_{GH} \circ g is again constant at eHe_H, so 0GHโˆ˜g=0Gโ€ฒH0_{GH} \circ g = 0_{G'H} for gโ€‰โฃ:Gโ€ฒโ†’Gg \colon G' \to G.

Non-example: the category of sets has no system of zero morphisms. There is no function at all from a non-empty set XX to the empty set, so 0Xโˆ…0_{X \emptyset} cannot be chosen.

Reading path

To understand this page from the ground up, read these 5 pages in order. The foundations come first.

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  1. Category concept
  2. Group homomorphism concept
  3. Morphism concept
  4. Zero object concept
  5. Zero morphism definition

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_morphism
About this page
TagNW2WW3WSH8
URIm2://NW2WW3WSH8
Kinddefinition
WritingW0 stub
MSC18A20, 18A05
DefinesZero morphism
UsesCategory, Morphism, Zero object, Group homomorphism

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