Math 2.0

Combinatorics Theorem

Alternating sum of binomial coefficients

Builds on Binomial coefficient

Statement

Let nn be a positive integer. Then ∑k=0n(−1)k(nk)=0.\sum_{k=0}^{n} (-1)^k \binom{n}{k} = 0.

Remarks

For n=0n = 0 the sum is 11, so the hypothesis n≥1n \ge 1 is necessary. For n=4n = 4: 1−4+6−4+1=01 - 4 + 6 - 4 + 1 = 0. The identity is the binomial theorem with x=−1x = -1 and y=1y = 1. It says that a nonempty finite set has as many subsets of even size as of odd size.

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  1. Binomial coefficient definition
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Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial_coefficient, Sums of the binomial coefficients
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