Math 2.0

Combinatorics Definition

Graph isomorphism

Builds on Graph

Definition

Let GG and HH be graphs with vertex sets V(G)V(G) and V(H)V(H). A graph isomorphism from GG to HH is a bijection f:V(G)→V(H)f : V(G) \to V(H) such that, for all u,v∈V(G)u, v \in V(G), u∼v in G  ⟺  f(u)∼f(v) in H.u \sim v \text{ in } G \iff f(u) \sim f(v) \text{ in } H. The graphs GG and HH are isomorphic, written G≅HG \cong H, if there is an isomorphism between them.

Remarks

Isomorphic graphs have the same number of vertices and edges and the same degrees. They differ only in the names of their vertices. An isomorphism from GG to itself is an automorphism of GG. The path P4P_4 is isomorphic to its own complement.

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Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_isomorphism, lead section
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