Math 2.0

Combinatorics Definition

Perfect matching

Builds on Matching

Definition

Let GG be a graph. A perfect matching of GG is a matching MM such that every vertex of GG is an end of an edge of MM.

Remarks

In a perfect matching, each vertex is an end of exactly one edge of MM. Thus a finite graph with a perfect matching has an even number of vertices. Hall's theorem for bipartite graphs characterizes the bipartite graphs with a perfect matching. Tutte's theorem does this for all finite graphs. The complete graph K4K_4 has 33 perfect matchings.

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Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfect_matching, lead section
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