Math 2.0

Geometry Definition

Plücker coordinates

Builds on FieldProjective spaceLinear independenceDeterminantExterior algebra

Definition

Let FF be a field and let LL be a line of the projective space ℙ3(F)\mathbb{P}^3(F). Let x=(x0,x1,x2,x3)x = (x_0, x_1, x_2, x_3) and y=(y0,y1,y2,y3)y = (y_0, y_1, y_2, y_3) be linearly independent vectors of F4F^4 with LL the line through [x][x] and [y][y]. For 0≤i<j≤30 \le i < j \le 3 put pij=xiyj−xjyi.p_{ij} = x_i y_j - x_j y_i. The Plücker coordinates of LL are the point [p01:p02:p03:p12:p13:p23]∈ℙ5(F).[p_{01} : p_{02} : p_{03} : p_{12} : p_{13} : p_{23}] \in \mathbb{P}^5(F).

Remarks

The pijp_{ij} are the 2×22 \times 2 minors of the matrix with rows xx and yy. If x,yx, y are replaced by another basis x′=ax+byx' = a x + b y, y′=cx+dyy' = c x + d y of the same plane, each pijp_{ij} is multiplied by the determinant ad−bc≠0ad - bc \ne 0, so the point of ℙ5(F)\mathbb{P}^5(F) depends only on LL. The coordinates satisfy the Plücker relation p01p23−p02p13+p03p12=0.p_{01} p_{23} - p_{02} p_{13} + p_{03} p_{12} = 0. In the language of the exterior algebra, the pijp_{ij} are the coordinates of x∧yx \wedge y in the basis ei∧eje_i \wedge e_j of Λ2F4\Lambda^2 F^4.

Example: for x=(1,0,0,0)x = (1, 0, 0, 0) and y=(0,1,0,0)y = (0, 1, 0, 0), one gets p01=1p_{01} = 1 and all other pij=0p_{ij} = 0, so the line has Plücker coordinates [1:0:0:0:0:0][1 : 0 : 0 : 0 : 0 : 0], and the relation holds since every product in it is 00.

Non-example: if y=2xy = 2x, every pijp_{ij} is 00, which is not a point of ℙ5(F)\mathbb{P}^5(F); the vectors must be linearly independent to span a line.

Reading path

To understand this page from the ground up, read these 6 pages in order. The foundations come first.

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  1. Determinant concept
  2. Exterior algebra concept
  3. Field concept
  4. Linear independence concept
  5. Projective space concept
  6. Plücker coordinates definition

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C3%BCcker_coordinates
About this page
TagMV3PHCJ6CE
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Kinddefinition
WritingW0 stub
MSC51M30, 14M15, 51N15
DefinesPlücker coordinates
UsesField, Projective space, Linear independence, Determinant, Exterior algebra

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