Math 2.0

Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory Concept

Determinant as signed volume

Builds on Determinant

Summary

Let n≥1n \ge 1 and let v1,…,vn∈ℝnv_1, \dots, v_n \in \R^n be the columns of a real n×nn \times n matrix AA. The parallelepiped spanned by them is P={t1v1+⋯+tnvn:0≤ti≤1}P = \{t_1 v_1 + \cdots + t_n v_n : 0 \le t_i \le 1\}. Its nn-dimensional volume is ∣det⁡A∣\abs{\det A}, where det⁡\det is the determinant. If det⁡A≠0\det A \ne 0, then its sign is positive when (v1,…,vn)(v_1, \dots, v_n) has the orientation of the standard basis, and negative when it has the opposite orientation.

Remarks

In ℝ2\R^2, ∣ad−bc∣\abs{ad - bc} is the area of the parallelogram spanned by (a,c)(a, c) and (b,d)(b, d). For each region SS of finite volume, the linear map x↦Axx \mapsto Ax multiplies the volume of SS by ∣det⁡A∣\abs{\det A}. This fact is the origin of the Jacobian determinant in the change of variables formula.

Reading path

To understand this page from the ground up, read these 9 pages in order. The foundations come first.

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Each page uses the pages above it. The colour of the bar on a box shows how strong the evidence is, and the box also gives it as text. The list has the same pages.
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  1. Identity matrix object
  2. Matrix definition
  3. Vector space definition
  4. Square matrix definition
  5. Linear map definition
  6. Multilinear map definition
  7. Alternating multilinear map definition
  8. Determinant definition
  9. Determinant as signed volume concept

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determinant, Signed volume of a parallelotope
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