Math 2.0

Special functions Definition

Arccosine

Builds on Sine and cosineContinuity of the inverse of a strictly monotone continuous functionpi

Definition

The arccosine is the function arccos⁡ ⁣:[−1,1]→[0,π]\arccos \colon [-1, 1] \to [0, \pi] such that, for each x∈[−1,1]x \in [-1, 1], arccos⁡x\arccos x is the unique y∈[0,π]y \in [0, \pi] with cos⁡y=x\cos y = x.

Remarks

The cosine is strictly decreasing and continuous on [0,π][0, \pi], with range [−1,1][-1, 1]. So arccos⁡\arccos is well defined and continuous. For all x∈[−1,1]x \in [-1, 1], arccos⁡x=π2−arcsin⁡x\arccos x = \frac{\pi}{2} - \arcsin x. For example, arccos⁡1=0\arccos 1 = 0 and arccos⁡(−1)=π\arccos(-1) = \pi. Mathlib defines Real.arccos by the identity above.

Reading path

To understand this page from the ground up, read these 61 pages in order. The foundations come first.

  1. Limit point of a set definition
  2. Local maximum definition
  3. Sequence definition
  4. Strictly monotone function definition
  5. Limit of a function definition
  6. Local minimum definition
  7. Real sequence definition
  8. Subsequence definition
  9. Continuity at a point definition
  10. Derivative definition
  11. One-sided limit definition
  12. Bounded sequence definition
  13. Cauchy sequence definition
  14. Geometric sequence definition
  15. Limit of a sequence definition
  16. Monotone sequence definition
  17. Series definition
  18. Continuous function definition
  19. Fermat's theorem on stationary points statement
  20. Limit superior definition
  21. Cauchy sequences are bounded statement
  22. Every sequence has a monotone subsequence statement
  23. Sum of a finite geometric series statement
  24. Monotone convergence theorem for sequences statement
  25. Convergent sequence definition
  26. Pointwise convergence definition
  27. Squeeze theorem statement
  28. Partial sum definition
  29. Power series definition
  30. Intermediate value theorem statement
  31. One-sided limits of a monotone function exist statement
  32. Bolzano–Weierstrass theorem statement
  33. The sequence r^n tends to zero for |r| < 1 example
  34. Radius of convergence definition
  35. Uniform convergence definition
  36. Convergent series definition
  37. Sine and cosine definition
  38. Boundedness theorem statement
  39. Continuity of the inverse of a strictly monotone continuous function statement
  40. Cauchy criterion for sequences statement
  41. Uniform convergence on a set definition
  42. Absolute convergence definition
  43. Series of functions definition
  44. A series of nonnegative terms converges iff its partial sums are bounded statement
  45. Sum of a series definition
  46. Extreme value theorem statement
  47. Uniformly Cauchy sequence of functions definition
  48. Geometric series example
  49. Comparison test statement
  50. Rolle's theorem statement
  51. Root test statement
  52. Weierstrass M-test statement
  53. Mean value theorem statement
  54. Cauchy–Hadamard theorem statement
  55. Power series converge uniformly on smaller discs inside the radius of convergence statement
  56. Uniform convergence of derivatives allows term-by-term differentiation statement
  57. Term-by-term differentiation statement
  58. Power series are differentiable inside the radius of convergence statement
  59. Derivative of cosine statement
  60. pi object
  61. Arccosine definition

Where this leads

1 page builds on this one.

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_trigonometric_functions, Principal values
About this page
Tag0RDP2HEFEW
URIm2://0RDP2HEFEW
Kinddefinition
WritingW0 stub
MSC33B10
DefinesArccosine
UsesSine and cosine, Continuity of the inverse of a strictly monotone continuous function, pi

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