Math 2.0

Sequences, series, summability Definition

Pointwise convergence

Builds on Limit of a sequence

Definition

Let SS be a set, and let fn ⁣:S→ℝf_n \colon S \to \mathbb{R} for n≥1n \ge 1 and f ⁣:S→ℝf \colon S \to \mathbb{R} be functions. The sequence (fn)(f_n) converges pointwise to ff on SS if lim⁡n→∞fn(x)=f(x)\lim_{n \to \infty} f_n(x) = f(x) for every x∈Sx \in S. That is, for every x∈Sx \in S and every ε>0\varepsilon > 0 there is NN with ∣fn(x)−f(x)∣<ε|f_n(x) - f(x)| < \varepsilon for all n≥Nn \ge N.

Remarks

Here NN may depend on both ε\varepsilon and xx. The pointwise limit is unique, since limits of real sequences are unique. A pointwise limit of continuous functions need not be continuous: see the sequence xnx^n. Mathlib expresses pointwise convergence as convergence in the product topology, through tendsto_pi_nhds.

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  1. Sequence definition
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88 pages build on this one.

Further reading

  1. Web https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pointwise_convergence, Definition
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